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Uzbek women accuse state
of mass sterilizations
By Mansur Mirovalev,
Associated Press
Saturday, 17 July 2010
Saodat
Rakhimbayeva says she wishes she had died
with her newborn baby. The 24-year-old
housewife had a cesarean section in March
and gave birth to Ibrohim, a premature boy
who died three days later.
Then came
a further devastating blow: She learned that
the
surgeon
had
removed part of her uterus during the
operation, making her sterile. The doctor
told her the hysterectomy was necessary to
remove a potentially cancerous
cyst
, while
she believes he sterilized her as part of a
state campaign to reduce birthrates.
"He never
asked for my approval, never ran any checks,
just mutilated me as if I were a mute
animal," the pale and fragile Rakhimbayeva
said through tears while sitting at a
fly-infested cafe in this central Uzbek
city. "I should have just died with Ibrohim."
According
to rights groups, victims and health
officials, Rakhimbayeva is one of hundreds
of Uzbek women who have been surgically
sterilized without their knowledge or
consent in a program designed to prevent
overpopulation from fueling unrest.
Human
rights advocates and
doctors
say
autocratic President Islam Karimov this year
ramped up a sterilization campaign he
initiated in the late 1990s. In a decree
issued in February, the Health Ministry
ordered all medical facilities to
"strengthen control over the medical
examination of women of childbearing age."
The decree
also said that "surgical contraception
should be provided free of charge" to women
who volunteer for the procedure.
It did not
specifically mandate sterilizations, but
critics allege that doctors have come under
direct pressure from the government to
perform them: "The order comes from the very
top," said Khaitboy Yakubov, head of the
Najot human rights group in Uzbekistan.
Uzbek
authorities ignored numerous requests by The
Associated Press to comment on the issue.
Most Western media organizations have been
driven from the country, and government
officials face serious reprisals for
contacts with foreign journalists. However,
the AP was able to interview several
doctors, sterilized women and a former
health official, some on condition of
anonymity.
This
Central Asian nation of 27 million is the
size of California or Iraq, and population
density in areas such as the fertile
Ferghana Valley is among the world's
highest.
Rights
groups say the government is dealing with
poverty, unemployment and severe economic
and environmental problems that have
triggered an exodus of Uzbek labor migrants
to Russia and other countries.
Heightening the government's fears is the
specter of legions of jobless men in
predominantly Muslim Uzbekistan succumbing
to the lure of Islamic radical groups with
ties to Afghan Taliban and al-Qaida.
Uzbekistan
is not alone in coming under allegations of
using sterilizations to fight population
growth: Authorities in China's Guangdong
Province were accused by Amnesty
International in April of carrying out
coerced sterilizations to meet
family
planning
goals. But no other country is known to use
that method as a government policy.
Uzbekistan
once had one of the Soviet Union's highest
birthrates, four to five children per woman,
and Communist authorities even handed out
medals to "heroine" mothers of six or more.
Young army conscripts from Uzbekistan and
the four other Central Asian republics made
up for a declining ethnic Russian
population.
Now, as
authorities try to unravel that legacy, the
birthrate has dropped to about 2.3 children
per woman — still higher than the rate of
2.1 that demographers consider sufficient to
replenish a falling population.
The
sterilization campaign involves thousands of
government-employed medical doctors and
nurses who urge women of childbearing age,
especially those with two or more children,
to have hysterectomies or fallopian tube
ligations, said Sukhrobjon Ismoilov of the
Expert Working Group, an independent think
tank based in the capital, Tashkent.
The
surgeon in Rakhimbayeva's case, a burly man
in his 40s named Kakhramon Fuzailov, refused
to comment on her claims and threatened to
turn an AP reporter over to the police for
"asking inappropriate questions."
In 2007,
the UN Committee Against Torture reported a
"large number" of cases of forced
sterilization and removal of reproductive
organs in Uzbek women, often after cesarean
sections. Some women were abandoned by their
husbands as a result, it said.
After the
1991 Soviet collapse, Karimov, a former
Communist functionary, remained at the helm
and retained many Soviet features, such as
strict government control of public health.
Government-paid doctors and nurses are
assigned to each district or village.
Family
planning is far different from Western
norms.
Instead of
focusing on raising awareness of widely
available condoms or birth-control pills,
the Health Ministry has chosen to promote
uteral resections nationwide as the most
reliable method of contraception.
Some women
do volunteer. Khalida Alimova, 31, a plump,
vivacious sales manager from Tashkent,
agreed to a resection in March, almost a
year after her third child was born.
She said
her husband, Alisher Alimov, 32, an
occasional cab driver who spends days
playing backgammon with his friends, refused
to use condoms or allow her to take
birth-control pills.
"Now I
feel relieved," Alimova said over a cup of
green
tea
in the kitchen of their shabbily furnished
Tashkent apartment. She added, though, that
she never told her husband about the
operation.
Many other
women, especially from poor rural areas, say
they face coercion from health workers or
even potential employers to agree to
sterilization.
A
31-year-old mother of two from the eastern
Uzbek city of Ferghana said the director of
a kindergarten where she sought a job told
her to show a certificate confirming she had
been sterilized.
After
consulting her disabled husband, who
receives a government pension of $40 a
month, she said she agreed to the procedure,
produced the certificate and got the job.
"We just
had no choice," the woman, who gave only her
first name Matluba, said by telephone from
the eastern city of Ferghana. She refused to
provide her last name or identify the
kindergarten for fear of being fired.
Several
health workers, who spoke on condition of
anonymity also because they feared dismissal
or persecution, said the authorities are
especially eager to sterilize women with
HIV, tuberculosis or a drug addiction.
Instruments often are not sterilized
properly and can infect other women, they
said.
Inexperienced medical workers can also cause
serious health complications. "Any
negligence can do a lot of damage," said
Shakhlo Tursunova, a gynecologist from
Tashkent.
Health
workers involved in the campaign are
threatened with salary cuts, demotion or
dismissal if they do not persuade at least
two women a month to be sterilized, a former
high-ranking Health Ministry official told
the AP on condition of anonymity.
Veronika
Tretyakova, a 32-year-old doctor from
Tashkent, said she came under pressure from
health workers to be sterilized.
"The nurse
said, 'They would hang me if I let you have
another child,"' Tretyakova said. "I told
her to think about her soul."
Tradition
plays a strong role in this male-dominated
society, where a large family is seen as a
blessing from God, and women are often
blamed for childless marriages.
After
checking out of the
maternity
hospital in Gulistan where she lost her son,
Rakhimbayeva said she shared her anguish
with her husband, Ulmas, a 29-year-old bus
driver who refused to be interviewed for
this story. Their marriage was arranged by
their parents in 2008.
Instead of
consoling her, she said, he told her to move
back to her parents' house and wait for
divorce papers as he did not want to live
with a barren wife.
"He never
even questioned why the doctors maimed me,
just blamed everything on me," Rakhimbayeva
said wringing her hands. "Now I have no hope
of having children, no job, no future."
State-Sponsored Eugenics in Uzbekistan Made
Possible by UN, US and World Bank Funding
Jurriaan Maessen Infowars.com July 22, 2010
The
British Independent
featured an AP article last Saturday,
detailing suspicions that health officials
in the Republic of Uzbekistan are widely
involved in involuntary
sterilization-practices. At first glance,
the story may seem wild and baseless.
Nothing however is further from the truth.
The Uzbek government acknowledges
receiving generous funding for its
eugenic programs and restates the
UN-funded mission.
The
AP-reporter spoke with a 24-year old
housewife named Saodat Rakhimbayeva, an
extremely brave woman who tells a
heart-wrenching tale of state-sponsored
eugenics in her home country of Uzbekistan.
After giving birth to a premature boy, she
had to witness her son dying just three days
later.
“Then”,
states the article, “came a further
devastating blow: She learned that the
surgeon had removed part of her uterus
during the operation, making her sterile.”
“According
to rights groups, victims and health
officials, Rakhimbayeva is one of hundreds
of Uzbek women who have been surgically
sterilized without their knowledge or
consent in a program designed to prevent
overpopulation from fueling unrest. (…). The
order comes from the very top,” said
Khaitboy Yakubov, head of the Najot human
rights group in Uzbekistan.”
This
statement by Yakubov has more significance
that he himself probably realizes. By “the
very top” he likely refers to the central
Uzbek government. As it turns out, the order
came from even higher up.
An
official communiqué from the embassy of
Uzbekistan in New Delhi gives us more
insight in a remarkable initiative by the
Uzbek state and the different partners with
which it collaborates:
“The
complex of measures for the “Mother’s and
Child’s Screening”, directed to prevent the
childbirth with the hereditary diseases,
accompanying with intellectual backwardness
as well as inspection of pregnant women is
carried out in the Republic with the purpose
of revealing anomalies of development of a
child-bearing. (…). Within the
framework of the State Programs the
cooperation is continuing with the WHO,
UNICEF, UNFPA, USAID, JICA, KfW Bank, World
Bank, Asian Development Bank (…).”
“In
Azerbaijan and Uzbekistan, UNFPA worked to
strengthen national capacities to collect,
analyse and disseminate gender disaggregated
data on population, development and
reproductive health and to integrate
population variables and gender concerns
into development and environmental
planning.”
Now what
this really mean? A Japanese International
Corporation Agency,
profiling Uzbekistan’s disability policies,
states the following in regards to the Uzbek
national screening program (page 11):
“By 2001,
124.000 of new-borns had been examined,
2.800 children in at-risk groups had been
identified; and 160 had been registered in
health clinics. For genetic reasons,
1.381 pregnancies were terminated.”
Furthermore, an Uzbek government-website
acknowledges receiving generous funding for
its eugenic programs and
restates the UN-funded mission:
“Up-to-date medical technologies help detect
possible defects in the development of a
fetus at an early stage of pregnancy. To
preclude birth of children with genetic
disease accompanied by mental abnormalities
and to detect fetus abnormality (…).”
Another
Uzbek government website
gives a description of the ultimate goal
of the “Mother and Child screening” program
as follows:
“(…)
reducing the birth of disabled children.”
In the
same publication, the above-mentioned
“screening” of possible “intellectual
backwardness” serves to “prevent childbirth
with hereditary diseases”. Needless to say,
these practises constitute eugenics in its
purest form. And transnational organizations
like the UN, World Bank and the German KfW
Bank are directly and fanatically involved
in the funding of these “screening”-programs
conducted by Uzbek health authorities.
The UN
itself admits in
its own publications to its
“long-standing partnership and track-record
working in Uzbekistan.”:
“The UN’s
mandate in supporting the implementation and
monitoring of the MDGs (UN Millennium
Development Goals) at the country level is a
substantial comparative advantage in
assisting the Government (of Uzbekistan) to
enhance living standards, and achieve higher
levels of human development. As a credible
and trusted partner of the Government, we
provide policy advice, technical assistance
and programmatic support, drawing on best
global practices.”
An
important item of the UN’s “programmatic
support” is their ideas on
population-screening and control, making
sure that Uzbek women:
“… have
access, as and when they require, to what we
call reproductive health.- family planning,
contraception, and medical care during
pregnancy, at delivery and afterwards.”
In
a publication by USAID, the largest US
aid institution paid for by US tax dollars,
reference was made to the contributions of
the United Nations Population Fund:
“UNFPA
provided IUD’s, injectables and pills.
Health facilities hold at least 3 different
methods, though their quantities are not
sufficient.”
In regards
to USAID’s own contributions, which include
training local Uzbek health officials, the
document lists a training-course:
“The two
week-training included theory and extensive
practise. Each participant passing the
course received a set of instruments for
minilaporotomy. During training
courses 39 clients were sterilized. 88
clients have been sterilized by trained
providers to date.”
Another
USAID-document from 1993 recommends some
actions to be taken in regards to Central
European nations, such as Uzbekistan (page
10):
“New
contraceptive technologies should be
offered, with training in their application
and in the counseling of clients on the
choices available to them. Policy
change will be required in some countries to
permit sterilization to be included among
available options for both women and men.
To assure the commitment of health sector
leadership, study tours in the united States
would be useful, as would inclusion of the
heads of medical training institutions in
the redesign of medical and nursing
curricula to integrate family planning into health care.”
Remember
the reports from the Uzbek woman reporting
involuntary sterilization practises by Uzbek
doctors. It seems it is being done with your
dollars, and with additional donations from
the World Bank, German development bank, the
United Nations Population Fund- and let’s
not leave out another important contributor,
the World Health Organisation. The WHO
reports on their own website:
“Uzbekistan and WHO: A close relationship
exists between WHO and the Ministry of
Health (MOH).”
Listed
under “Opportunities”, the WHO mentions
that:
“Uzbekistan now receives substantial funding
for health programmes with contributions
from many key partners.”
As the
money continues to flow into Uzbekistan, the
eugenicists at the very top are going
all-out . It’s high time they are stopped on
their blood-stained path of destruction.
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